Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam, a northern ancient city with a thousand years of history. Centered on Hoan Kiem Lake, it packs in a maze-like Old Quarter, French colonial architecture, and historic sites such as the Temple of Literature and Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum. It's also the birthplace of egg coffee, a city where street walks and café-hopping never run dry. This page pulls together everything from the city's overall picture, how to get around, standard spots, model courses, food, souvenirs, and the latest topics, and guides you to individual articles on cafés, news, and souvenirs.
Location
Northern capital
Population
About 8.5 million
Best season
October–November, March–April
Suggested days
3 days
Language
Vietnamese (English also understood in tourist areas)
Currency
Vietnamese dong (VND)
Time difference from Japan
-2 hours
TOC
What kind of city is Hanoi
Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam. If Ho Chi Minh City is the country's commercial center, this is its political and cultural one. A thousand years have passed since the Ly dynasty established its capital here in 1010, and the city you walk through today is a stack of layers: dynastic rule, French administration, socialism. In 2025 it drew 33.7 million visitors, 7.82 million of them from abroad.
Old Quarter, French Quarter, West Lake: three faces of one city
Area
Nature
How to spend your time
Old Quarter (Hoan Kiem)
A maze of lanes filled with street stalls and shops. The 36 streets, where each trade has a street of its own
Wandering around becomes the point.Chaotic and loud
French Quarter
Tree-lined avenues and colonial architecture. The Opera House, the Metropole
Quiet and refined. Right next to the Old Quarter, yet the air is completely different
West Lake (Ho Tay)
A residential area with wide streets. The cafés and restaurants are a cut above
Fifteen minutes by car from the Old Quarter. Where long-term residents gather
In sheer density of things to see, the Old Quarter and its surroundings can eat up several days on their own. West Lake is where you go if you have one more night.
[Important] Districts disappeared from addresses in July 2025
In a sweeping reorganization of administrative divisions,Hanoi also abolished the district (quận) tierwent through. The former 30 urban and rural districts were dissolved and reorganized into 126 wards and communes, and "Hoan Kiem District" is now "Hoan Kiem Ward."
The trouble is thatmost addresses online still use the old format. Guidebooks and restaurant sites have not caught up. When you go looking for a place, don't rely on the district name — search bythe street name and building number. The addresses in this article are written with that in mind.
Getting to Hanoi and getting around
Direct flights from Japan: Shizuoka joined the list in 2026
Noi Bai Airport (HAN) is served by direct flights from Japan's major airports. Alongside Narita, Haneda, Kansai, Chubu and Fukuoka,a Shizuoka–Hanoi route launched on April 28, 2026. Vietjet flies it three times a week on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays, using A321neo and A320 aircraft. Since Mount Fuji Shizuoka Airport opened, it isthe first scheduled service linking Shizuoka with Southeast Asia.
From Shizuoka: VJ1981
Shizuoka 10:30 → Hanoi 14:00 (5 hours 30 minutes)
From Hanoi: VJ1980
Hanoi 02:40 → Shizuoka 09:30 (4 hours 50 minutes)
The Kansai route is getting stronger too. Vietnam Airlinesis adding an afternoon flight from October 26, 2026, running four times a week (Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday), andfrom December 1 it goes daily, with two flights a day. Fukuoka is already daily, and Hiroshima has three flights a week in the summer season.
As for visas,Japanese nationals are exempt for 45 days. The measure runs from March 15, 2025 to March 14, 2028, and applies regardless of passport type or purpose of entry. The old rule that barred re-entry within 30 days of leaving the country has also been dropped.
From Noi Bai Airport into the city
Means
Fee
Duration
Notes
Airport Bus No. 86
45,000–50,000 dong
60–70 minutes
The cheapest and most dependable option.Runs via the Old Quarter and Hanoi Station. Departs the airport 6:40–22:15
Grab
From 350,000 dong
About 35 minutes
24 hours. Pick-up is at either end of the arrivals hall exit
Taxi (metered)
400,000–500,000 dong
About 35 minutes
Fixed-fare taxi
500,000 dong per car to the Old Quarter
About 35 minutes
Arranged at the tourist information desk in the arrivals hall
Airline minibus
Vietnam Airlines 40,000 / Vietjet 60,000 dong
About 40 minutes
6:30–19:30, hourly
Sources disagree on the No. 86 bus fare: 35,000, 45,000 or 50,000 dong. Some say it rose in 2026, and we could not pin down the current figure.Having around 50,000 dong on hand will cover it.
The metro: no, it does not reach Hanoi Station
This is where Japanese-language articles often get it wrong. The official route map shows all 12 stations, which invites the misreading, butLine 3 currently only takes you as far as Cau Giay (Cầu Giấy)。
Line
Section in service
Number of stations
Service
Line 2A(Cat Linh–Yen Nghia)
Fully open(about 13 km)
12 stations
5:30–22:00, every 5–10 minutes
Line 3(Nhon–Hanoi Station)
Elevated section from Nhon to Cau Giay only(opened August 2024)
8 stations
Same as left
Past Cau Giay, the roughly 4 km underground stretch of Line 3 to Hanoi Station is still under construction, andthe full line is not expected to open until December 2027. Cat Linh station is planned as an interchange between the two lines, but with the Line 3 side not yet open,you cannot transfer there for now。
Single-ride ticket
9,000–19,000 dong (slightly cheaper with cashless payment)
1-day pass
40,000 dong
Weekly pass
160,000 dong
Honestly,don't count on it for getting around as a tourist. The metro doesn't run to Hoan Kiem Lake or the Old Quarter, and while Cat Linh station on Line 2A is the closest, even that is not within walking distance. Treat it as a ride worth trying rather than a way to get around.
[From July 2026] Motorbikes stop in the Old Quarter on weekends
A pilot low-emission zone (LEZ) started on July 1, 2026.You'll see this flattened into "Hanoi has banned gasoline motorbikes," but the actual scope is much narrower.
Covered area
In Hoan Kiem ward, it coversjust 11 streets(about 0.5 km²)
Friday evening until 24:00; Saturday and Sunday from morning until 24:00
Ride-hailing and delivery
Commercial use of gasoline motorbikes is banned outright
For travelers, this is good news.On weekend nights there are fewer motorbikes in the center of the Old Quarter, and it is easier to walk.There are practical benefits as well.
For one year from July 1, 2026, public buses inside Ring Road 1 are free(45 routes run through the zone; tourist and commercial coaches are excluded)
In Hoan Kiem and Cua Nam wards,44 public bike-share stations with 456 bicycleshave been set up
220 parking areas are being built
The restrictions are planned to widen in stages, covering the entire area inside Ring Road 1 (more than 26 km²) from 2028.
Hanoi's standard sightseeing spots
Admission fees for the major historic sites were revised in January 2024 under a Hanoi city resolution. Many articles still quote the old prices, so use the table below as your reference.
Spot
Admission
Time
Notes
Temple of Literature(Văn Miếu)
70,000 dong
8:00〜17:00
Discounts are available for students, seniors and others (check the conditions at the ticket window).Night tours on Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday, 18:30–22:00
Thang Long Citadel
100,000 dong
8:00〜17:00
Raised from 70,000 in January 2025. Free on November 23
Hoa Lo Prison
50,000 dong
8:00〜17:00
Open year-round(open on public holidays and Tet)
Ngoc Son Temple(Hoan Kiem Lake)
50,000 dong
7:00–19:00 (until 22:00 Fri–Sun)
Free for under-16s
Quan Thanh Temple
10,000 dong
—
Tran Quoc Pagoda(West Lake)
5,000 dong
8:00〜16:00
6:00–18:00 on the 1st and 15th of the lunar month
Vietnam Museum of Ethnology
40,000 dong
8:30〜17:30
Closed Mondays
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum — hours change with the day and the season
Admission is free, butthe days and times you can actually visit are tightly limited. It is not open in the afternoon.
Hot season (Apr 1 – Oct 31)
7:30〜10:30
Cool season (Nov 1 – Mar 31)
8:00〜11:00
Open days
Tue, Wed, Thu, Sat, Sun
Closed days
Monday and Friday
There is a dress code.No shorts, miniskirts, sleeveless tops or tank tops. Inside, photography and talking are both banned, and you are not allowed to put your hands in your pockets.
One more thing worth knowing.Every year, to maintain the preserved body, the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum hasa scheduled closure lasting several months. In 2025 it was shut from June 2 to July 31. The dates shift from year to year, and several unsourced schedules circulate online.If this is the reason for your trip, check the official announcement before you go.
Train Street — not a question with a yes-or-no answer
In the stretch where cafés line up right against the tracks,in March 2025 the Hanoi authorities asked tour operators not to bring tourists there, and visits on tours are banned. The reason is railway safety, and this is not the first time such a measure has been taken.
Going on your own is a gamble: some days barricades and guards keep you out, other days a café owner waves you in and you get a seat. The treatment changes from day to day.
The city has also floateda plan to halt train services on this section altogether, and the handover of national railway infrastructure to the city is moving ahead.This is very likely a sight that will disappear, so keep that in mind. Treat it as a lucky bonus rather than the anchor of your plans.
Long Bien Bridge — open to traffic again since May 2026
Built in the early 1900s, this steel bridge had been flagged as deteriorating for years.Emergency repairs ran from March 28, 2026, and the bridge reopened on May 27。From May 28, motorbikes and pedestrians can cross in both directions. You can walk across it again, so early morning and evening are the prettiest times to take in the Red River and the city.
Hoan Kiem Lake — the east shore is under construction
The lake sits at the center of the city, and the promenade around it is a classic walk.From 19:00 Friday to 24:00 Sunday, the surrounding streets turn into a pedestrian zone. That said, elections and public holidays often suspend it or shift the hours at short notice.
Right now it comes with a caveat.A 2.14-hectare plaza and park project is under way on the east side of the lake, and the landmark building known as the "shark's mouth" began coming down on June 19, 2025, with demolition all but finished by mid-July that year.The views and the way you move around have changed.
Hanoi model course
Three days covers the main sights. The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum only opens in the morning and closes Monday and Friday, sobuild the plan backwards from the mausoleum's schedule— that is how you avoid a wasted morning.
Day 1 — settle into the Old Quarter
Time
Behavior
Notes
Morning
Hoan Kiem Lake and Ngoc Son Temple
Admission 50,000 dong
Day
If the pho breakfast window has closed, go for bun cha
such as Hương Liên (24 Lê Văn Hưu)
Afternoon
Walk the 36 streets of the Old Quarter
See how each trade clusters on its own street
Evening
Egg coffee
Cafe Giảng (39 Nguyễn Hữu Huân) is where it started
Night
Bia hoi on Ta Hien Street
Draft beer brewed that same day
Day 2 — the historic sites in one sweep
Time
Behavior
Notes
7:30〜8:00
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
Closed Mon and Fri. Mornings only. Dress code applies
Morning
Thang Long Citadel
Within walking distance. Admission 100,000 dong
Day
Cha ca
14 Chả Cá or 6B Dương Thành
Afternoon
Temple of Literature
Admission 70,000 dong
Evening
Hoa Lo Prison
Until 17:00. Open year-round
Day 3 — West Lake or the metro
Day 3 comes down to what you feel like.For a slower pace, West Lake— see Tran Quoc Pagoda and Quan Thanh Temple, then spend the time at a lakeside café.To see more of the city, ride Metro Line 2Aand watch it spread out below from the elevated track. Heading back to the Old Quarter in the afternoon to buy souvenirs makes a tidy finish.
If you are staying over a weekend, 11 streets in the heart of the Old Quarter close to motorbikes from Friday evening through Sunday. Walking the area in those hours is far more comfortable than on a weekday.
Hanoi food and specialties
Compared with the south, Hanoi cooking isless sweet, with clearer broths. In the Michelin Guide Vietnam 2026, announced on June 4, 2026, Hanoi tookfour one-star restaurants(Gia / Hibana by Koki / Tầm Vị / ONVIT) and23 Bib Gourmand listings.
Pho — every shop has its own way
Shops
Address
Characteristics
Phở Gia Truyền(Bat Dan)
49 Bát Đàn
Expect a queue. You order and pay at the counter, then carry your own bowl to the table.6:00–10:00 and 18:00–20:30 only. Not open at midday
Phở Thìn Lò Đúc
13 Lò Đúc
Founded in 1979. One dish only: phở bò tái lăn, with beef and garlic seared over high heat before it goes on top
Phở 10 Lý Quốc Sư
10 Lý Quốc Sư
Near the cathedral. Bib Gourmand
Phở Gà Nguyệt
5B Phủ Doãn
Chicken pho
The shops on Bat Dan keep irregular hours, andif you turn up at midday they are closed. First thing in the morning is the safe bet.
Bun cha — the place Obama ate at
Charcoal-grilled pork and pork patties dunked in a sweet-and-sour broth and eaten with rice noodles: Hanoi's standard lunch.Bún Chả Hương Liên(24 Lê Văn Hưu, 8:00–20:00) is known as the shop President Obama and Anthony Bourdain visited in May 2016, and it is still open.
It is hardly the only one. The Bib Gourmand list includes Bún Chả Chan (114 Mai Hắc Đế), Bun Cha Ta (21 Nguyễn Hữu Huân) and Tuyết Bún Chả 34 (34 Hàng Than).
Cha ca — the dish that took a street's name
White fish marinated in turmeric, cooked at the table in a pan with a mountain of dill and spring onion. A Hanoi original, credited to the Doan family in the 19th century.
Chả Cá Lã Vọngis at 14 Chả Cá street, andthe street itself takes its name from this dish. The other one,Chả Cá Thăng Long(6B Dương Thành, 10:30–21:00), holds a Michelin Bib Gourmand.
Egg coffee — invented in 1946 because there was no milk
Egg yolk and condensed milk whipped to a foam and floated on coffee, a Hanoi invention.Nguyễn Văn Giảng came up with it in 1946. He was a bartender at what was then the Hotel Metropole (now the Sofitel Legend Metropole), andhe used egg yolk in place of milk at a time when milk was impossible to get— that was the start of it.
The original shopCafe Giảngis still there at 39 Nguyễn Hữu Huân. On the shore of Hoan Kiem Lake,Cafe Đinhis also well known, and is said to be run by Giảng's daughter.
Other Hanoi dishes
Bún thang— a clear noodle soup topped with finely shredded chicken, omelette and ham
Bún riêu— tomato-tinged noodles with paddy crab paste floating on top
Bánh cuốn— steamed rice-flour crêpes. Thanh Vân (11 Hàng Gà, founded 1973) made the Bib Gourmand list in 2026
Photogenic interior. Avocado milk and roasted milk
Souvenirs to buy in Hanoi
Souvenirs in Hanoi are easy to confuse with "souvenirs from Vietnam in general."Things unique to this city— narrowing it down that way makes choosing much easier.
Item
Guide
Where
Bat Trang ceramics
Small plates from around 50,000 dong
Ceramics from the pottery village on the outskirts of Hanoi.Dragonfly, lotus, goldfish and chrysanthemum motifs.Wholesalers sit in the basement of Dong Xuan Market, cheaper than the goods shops in the Old Quarter
lotus tea
—
Made with lotus from West Lake. Supermarkets and specialty shops
Silk on Hang Gai Street
Scarves from 150,000 dong
The silk street in the Old Quarter
O mai (candied fruit)
—
A traditional Hanoi sweet
Instant coffee, nuts, dried fruit
—
For handing out to a crowd. Supermarkets are cheapest
For shopping,Morningsare the best time to shop. The Old Quarter fills up from late afternoon into the night. For Bat Trang ceramics you don't need to go out to the village — the basement of Dong Xuan Market has plenty to choose from.
Hanoi's latest topics
Recent developments around Hanoi are each covered in detail in their own article.
October and November are best, followed by late March into April
Hanoi hasfour clearly distinct seasons. Turn up in January thinking of Vietnam as endless summer and you'll be shivering without a jacket.
Month
High / Low
Rainfall
Rating
January
20℃/14℃
13mm
Coldest stretch of the year.A jacket is essential
February
21℃/16℃
13mm
Least rain of the year, but drizzle and high humidity
March
24℃/18℃
30mm
Comfortable, though often overcast and drizzly
April
28℃/22℃
53mm
◎ Best
May
32℃/24℃
127mm
Heat sets in for real
June
33℃/26℃
160mm
Hottest month.Rainy season
July
33℃/27℃
203mm
Most muggy. Typhoon season
August
32℃/26℃
226mm (the wettest)
Peak of the rainy season
September
31℃/25℃
173mm
Settles down in the second half
October
29℃/22℃
84mm
◎ Best
November
26℃/19℃
46mm
◎ Best
December
22℃/15℃
15mm
Dry and chilly
The months to avoid are June to August(fierce heat, peak rainy season, typhoons) andJanuary–February(cold and drizzle, and many shops close over Tet). Annual rainfall runs to about 1,600mm, and the muggy spell lasts from late February through November.
Pickpockets and taxis — how it actually happens
The UK government's travel advice for Vietnam names Hanoi and spells out the specifics (the advice covers the whole country).
Petty crime is common in Hanoi and at tourist spots, and bag snatching from motorbikes is especially frequent.Carry your bag in front of you, or on the side away from the road.Cases rise from Christmas through Tet
Use a ride-hailing app (Grab, Xanh SM).Check that the car and driver match what the app shows before you get in
Keep your drink where you can see it. Don't take food or drink from strangers
There have been deaths from methanol-laced alcohol even at licensed venues.A small amount can be fatal, and you can't detect it by taste or smell
Motorbike accidents are common. Helmets are required by law.If you cause an accident you may be unable to leave the country while it is under investigation
The most common mix-up in taxis ismisreading the meter..A display of "64.0" means 64,000 dong, not 640,000 dong.Plenty of arguments start with that misunderstanding. Unlicensed taxis skip the meter, quote a flat fare and ask for 3 to 5 times the going rate. Stick to Grab, or Mai Linh (green) / Vinasun (white) / Xanh SM (light blue EVs).
Watch out for the online declaration before arrival
Vietnam is moving ahead with an online pre-arrival declaration (PAI). It started at Tan Son Nhat Airport (Ho Chi Minh City) on April 15, 2026, anda trial run at Noi Bai Airport (Hanoi) from the second week of Junehas begun as well. The Japanese Embassy in Vietnam describes it as "recommended but not mandatory," while the US Embassy calls it "mandatory," sothe guidance is split. You can register free on the official site from 3 days before your planned arrival date, then show the QR code you receive at immigration. This is the sort of thing that changes at short notice, socheck the immigration authority's official site (prearrival.immigration.gov.vn) just before you travel.There's nothing to lose by filing it.
Budget guide
Airport Bus No. 86
45,000–50,000 dong
Grab from the airport
From 350,000 dong
Metro day pass
40,000 dong
A bowl of pho
Tens of thousands of dong
Admission to the main historic sites
5,000 to 100,000 dong
Hostel in the Old Quarter
8 to 12 dollars a night
Luxury hotel in the French Quarter
From 150 to 400 dollars a night
Hanoi hotels and where to stay
Hanoi isWhere you stay changes the feel of the whole trip. The Old Quarter is convenient, but it stays lively deep into the night and is anything but quiet.
Area
Nature
rough price range
Suited to
Old Quarter (Hoan Kiem)
Street stalls and narrow lanes. Everything is walkable.Noisy. Mostly three-star and below
Hostels 8 to 12 dollars / boutique hotels 50 to 80 dollars
A first trip to Hanoi, with walking the city as the priority
French Quarter
Tree-lined streets and colonial architecture. Quiet and refined. Right beside the Old Quarter
From 150 to 400 dollars
Anyone who wants a calm base
Ba Dinh / Truc Bach
Fewer tourists around. The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum and the Thang Long citadel are within walking distance
Mid to high
Travelers building the trip around historic sites
West Lake (Ho Tay)
More residential, with wide streets. Cafés and restaurants of real quality. 15 minutes by car from the Old Quarter
Serviced apartments 40 to 120 dollars
Long stays, and anyone wanting peace and quiet
Main hotels
Sofitel Legend Metropole Hanoi(15 Ngô Quyền, 358 rooms) — the symbol of the French Quarter. The man who came up with egg coffee was working here as a bartender at the time
Capella Hanoi— right by the Opera House
Hotel de l’Opera Hanoi – MGallery
Pan Pacific Hanoi、Lotte Hotel Hanoi— over toward Ba Dinh
InterContinental Hanoi Westlake、Sheraton Hanoi— West Lake
The Old Quarter has countless small and mid-sized boutique hotels, and even within the same price bracket the quality is hit or miss.Rooms facing the street are loud, so if you want to sleep, ask for a room at the back or take a step up in class in the French Quarter — you'll be happier with the result.
Hanoi on the map
Frequently asked questions
How many days do I need for Hanoi sightseeing?
If you're touring the main sightseeing spots, at least 3 days is the guide. If you're also combining food and day trips to nearby cities, an itinerary with a bit more room to spare is recommended.
Does English work in Hanoi?
English gets through at major tourist spots, hotels, and the airport. At local stalls and individual taxis it may not, so downloading the offline Japanese pack of the Google Translate app gives peace of mind.
What's the convenient way to get around in Hanoi?
The ride-hailing app Grab (the Southeast Asian Uber) is most recommended for safety and clear pricing. For street taxis, using only reliable brand cars like "Mai Linh" and "Vinasun" is the safe bet. For short distances, motorbike taxis (Grab bike) are also useful.
Can I use credit cards in Hanoi?
Mid-range and higher hotels, tourist-oriented restaurants, and large supermarkets accept Visa/Master. However, stalls, local eateries, and markets are basically cash. Carrying around about 500,000–2,000,000 dong (about 3,000–13,000 yen) in cash a day gives peace of mind.
Popular hotels in Da Nang, Hoi An, and Ho Chi Minh City are bookable at discounted prices. Many properties offer same-day booking and free cancellation, so you can adapt flexibly to last-minute changes of plan on the ground.
#Check the lowest price →
Advertisement (A8.net)
Overseas travel booking “NEWT”
Arrange flights and hotels together
Book your Vietnam-bound flights and accommodation all at once in the app. Earn up to 5% in points, with 24-hour Japanese-language support, so even first-time overseas travelers can prepare with peace of mind.
#Book travel the easy way →
Advertisement (A8.net)
From flights and tours to eSIMs and travel insurance, see where to book each in the order you need them in theVietnam travel bookings summaryas well.
In my third year living in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. I launched this specialist Vietnam travel information site hoping to share local knowledge you simply can’t get by visiting as a tourist — the kind of thing you only understand by being here.